Baking technology bread

Raw Materials - Processing - Recipes

 

4.0 Recipes

These recipes are used at the Bulawayo Polytechnic in Zimbabwe. They are based on the local taste en prices of raw materials. The recipes are based on general baking standards and the quality of the locally available ingredients.

 

4.1 Soft white/ brown rolls

1.   Soft white rolls, round model.

2.      Soft white rolls, round model, decorated with seeds.

3.      Soft white rolls, long model.

4.      Soft white rolls, long model, decorated with seeds.

5.      Soft white rolls, plaited model.

6.      Soft white rolls, Portuguese model

7.      Soft brown rolls, round model.

8.      Soft brown rolls, long model.

9.      Soft brown rolls, round model, decorated with crushed wheat or seeds.

10.  Soft brown rolls, long model, decorated with crushed wheat or seeds.

 

4.2 Crispy white/ brown rolls

1.  Crispy white rolls, round model.

2.  Crispy white rolls, long model.

3.  Crispy white rolls, round model, decorated with seeds.

4.  Crispy white rolls, long model, decorated with seeds.

5.  Crispy brown rolls, long model.        

6.  Crispy cheese/ onion rolls

 

4.3 Sweet buns

1.  Raisin buns, round model.

2.  Fruit buns, round model.

3.  Apple/raisins buns, long model.

4.  Raisin buns with custard.

5.  Custard buns.

6.  Chelsea buns, long model.

7.  Chelsea buns, round model.

8.  Chelsea flower.

9.  Chelsea garland.

10. Hot cross buns

11. Doughnuts

 

4.4   Danish Pastry

1.  Danish Pastry

2.  Croissants.

3.  Chocolate pretzels.

4.  Danish pretzels.

5.  Cheese crisps.

6.  Sausage rolls.

7.  Knots. 

8.  Fruit baskets

9.  Savoury baskets

10. Soup sticks

11. Custard mills

12. Pineapple Crisps    

 

4.5   White/ Brown loaves of bread

1.  Ordinary white bread.

2.  Ordinary brown bread.

3.  Whole meal bread.

4.  Enriched white bread

5.  Milk bread

6.  Oven bottom white bread.

7.  Oven bottom brown bread

 

4.6   Crispy loaves of bread

1.  Crispy white bread

2.  Crispy brown bread

3.  French baguettes.

4.  Savoury baguettes

 

4.7   Fancy loaves of bread.

1.  Plaited white bread.

2.  Raisin bread.

 

4.1 Soft white/ brown rolls

 

 

1. Soft white rolls                                              AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE: 

flour                                          100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                         5 %                 25 gram

salt                                            2 %                 10 gram

sugar                                        1 %                  5 gram

fat(bundo x)                              4 %                  20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)     2 %                 10 gram

milk powder                              2 %                 10 gram

water                                        58-60 %           280-300 gram

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading       

Rounding

1st Fermentation                     20 minutes

Dividing

Final moulding             

Egg washing                            2 times  

Final proof                                45 - 60 minutes

Baking

 

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body  to the rolls

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar,  fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         instead of egg wash the rolls can be washed with water immediately after baking

 

2. Soft white rolls, long model             AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:   

flour                                         100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                        5 %                 25 gram

salt                                           2 %                 10 gram

sugar                                        1 %                 5 gram

fat(bundo x)                              4 %                 20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)     2 %                 10 gram

milk powder                              2 %                 10 gram

water                                        58-60 %           280-300 gram

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading       

Rounding

1st Fermentation                     15 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Rounding

2nd Fermentation                    10 minutes

Moulding                                  approx. 10 cm.

Egg washing                            2 times  

Final proof                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body  to the rolls

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         instead of egg wash the rolls can be washed with water  immediately after baking

 

 

3. Soft white rolls, round model,            AMOUNT: 15           

     decorated with seeds

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                        100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                       5 %                 25 gram

salt                                          2 %                 10 gram

sugar                                       1 %                 5 gram

fat(bundo x)                             4 %                 20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %                 10 gram

milk powder                             2 %                 10 gram

water                                        58-60 %         280-300 gram

 

sesame or poppy seed for decorating

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Rounding

1st Fermentation:    20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Moulding

Decorating:              wet with little water and press the top of the roll in sesame or poppy seeds
Final proof:              45 - 60 minutes

Baking:                    with steam 

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body  to the rolls

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar,  fat, milk powder etc. can be used

 

4.  Soft white rolls, long model,             AMOUNT: 15          

       decorated with seeds

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                        100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                       5 %                 25 gram

salt                                          2 %                 10 gram

sugar                                      1 %                  5 gram

fat(bundo x)                            4 %                  20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)   2 %                  10 gram

milk powder                            2 %                  10 gram

water                                      58-60 %            280-300 gram

 

sesame or poppy seed for decorating

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

 

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Rounding

1st Fermentation:           15 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

2nd Fermentation:          10 minutes

Moulding:                        approx. 10 cm

Decorating:                    wet with little water and press the top of the roll in sesame or poppy seed 

Final proof:                     45 - 60 minutes

Baking:                           with steam 

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

 

5. Soft white rolls, plaited model              AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                        100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                       5 %                 25 gram

salt                                          2 %                 10 gram

sugar                                      1 %                  5 gram

fat(bundo x)                            4 %                  20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)   2 %                  10 gram

milk powder                            2 %                  10 gram

water                                       58-60 %           280-300 gram

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading:                     a stiffer dough should be used

Rounding

1st Fermentation                     10 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Rounding

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Rolling strands:                        approx. 36 - 40 cm.

Plaiting:                                    different models can be made    

Egg washing:                           2 times  

Final proof:                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body  to the rolls

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar,  fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         instead of egg wash the rolls can be washed with water immediately after baking

 

6.  Soft white rolls, Portuguese model        AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                        100 %                500 gram 

yeast                                       5 %                   25 gram

salt                                          2 %                   10 gram

sugar                                       1 %                   5 gram

fat(bundo x)                             4 %                   20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %                   10 gram

milk powder                             2 %                   10 gram

water                                        58-60 %            280-300 gram

 

cooking oil

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading       

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    10 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Rounding

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Moulding:                                 grease the handle of a wooden spoon in with cooking oil, press the wooden

spoon into the middle of the dough piece, you should get a very thin dough

skin in the middle, turn the rolls up side down  and place them between a

dough cloth, after 20 minutes place the rolls on  the baking tray  

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes

Baking:                                    little steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body   to the rolls

·         no egg wash should be applied

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

 

7. Soft brown rolls, round model             AMOUNT: 15 

 

RECIPE:  

brown flour                               100 %              500 gram

yeast                                        5 %                  25 gram

salt                                           2 %                  10 gram

sugar                                       1 %                   5 gram

fat(bundo x)                             4 %                   20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %                   10 gram

milk powder                             2 %                   10 gram

water                                        58-62 %           280-320 gram

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    15 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Moulding

Egg washing:                           2 times

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes

Baking  

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

·         you can vary from dark to light brown rolls, the more whole meal flour the more water

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar,  fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         if the diastatic activity is not enough for the whole wheat flour you can add fino amylase

·         instead of egg wash the rolls can be washed with water immediately after baking

 

8. Soft brown rolls, long model             AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

brown flour                               100 %              500 gram

yeast                                        5 %                  25 gram

salt                                           2 %                  10 gram

sugar                                       1 %                   5 gram

fat(bundo x)                             4 %                   20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %                   10 gram

milk powder                             2 %                   10 gram

water                                        58-62 %           280-320 gram

 

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    10 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Moulding:                                  approx. 10 cm

Egg washing:                           2 times

Final proof:                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking                 

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

·         you can vary from dark to light brown rolls, the more whole meal flour the more water

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar,  fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         if the diastatic activity is not enough for the whole  wheat flour you can add fino amylase

·         instead of egg wash the rolls can be washed with water immediately after baking

 

 

9. Soft brown rolls, round model,            AMOUNT: 15          

    decorated with crushed wheat or seeds

 

RECIPE:  

brown flour                               100 %              500 gram

yeast                                        5 %                  25 gram

salt                                           2 %                  10 gram

sugar                                       1 %                  5 gram

fat(bundo x)                             4 %                  20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %                  10 gram

milk powder                             2 %                  10 gram

water                                        58-62 %           280-320 gram

 

 

crushed wheat, sesame seed or poppy seed for decorating

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    15 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Moulding

Decorating:                             wet with little water and press the top of the roll in sesame, poppy seeds or crushed wheat 

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes

Baking:                                    with steam 

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

·         you can vary from dark to light brown rolls, the more whole meal flour the more water

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used if the

diastatic activity is not enough for the whole

·         wheat flour you can add fino amylase

 

10.  Soft brown rolls, long model,                          AMOUNT: 15              

       decorated with crushed wheat or seeds 

 

RECIPE:  

brown flour                               100 %              500 gram

yeast                                         5 %                 25 gram

salt                                            2 %                 10 gram

sugar                                        1 %                  5 gram

fat(bundo x)                              4 %                  20 gram

bread improver(lecitex soft)     2 %                  10 gram

milk powder                              2 %                  10 gram

water                                        58-62 %            280-320 gram

 

 

crushed wheat, sesame seed or poppy seed for decorating

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    10 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Moulding:                                 approx. 10 cm

Decorating:                              wet with little water and press the top of the roll in sesame, poppy seeds or

crushed wheat 

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes

Baking:                                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat,  milk powder etc. can be used

·         if the diastatic activity is not enough for the whole wheat  flour you can add fino amylase

 

4.2 Crispy white/ brown rolls

 

1. Crispy white rolls, round model              AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)   2 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 20 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading   

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    20 minutes

Dividing

Moulding             

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes, just before baking cut the top of the roll with a razor blade

Baking:                                    with steam  

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

·         there is no need for egg washing because the product will  get its colour through the baking process (steam)

 

 

2. Crispy white rolls, long model               AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)   2 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 20   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading          

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Rounding

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Moulding:                                 approx. 10 cm.

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes, just before baking cut the top of the roll

with a razor blade

Baking:                                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

·         there is no need for egg washing because the product will  get its colour through the baking process (steam)

 

 

3. Crispy white rolls, round model,             AMOUNT: 15               

    decorated with seeds

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 20 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Moulding

Decorating:                              wet with little water and press the top of the roll in sesame or poppy seed 

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes

Baking                                     with steam 

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

 

4.  Crispy white rolls, long model,               AMOUNT: 15             

       decorated with seeds

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                         4 %

salt                                            2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)   2 %

water                                        56-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 20 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Moulding:                                 approx. 10 cm

Decorating:                              wet with little water and press the top of the bun in sesame or poppy seed 

Final proof:                               45 - 60 minutes, just before baking cut the top of the roll with a razor blade

Baking:                                     with steam 

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

 

5.  Crispy brown rolls, long model               AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

Brown flour                              100 %              500 gram

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

water                                        59-61 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 20   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading          

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Rounding

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Moulding:                                 approx. 10 cm.

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes, just before baking cut the top of the roll with a razor blade

Baking:                                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body  to the rolls

·         there is no need for egg washing because the product will  get its colour through the baking process (steam)

 

6.  Crispy cheese/ onion rolls                  AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              500 gram

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

water                                        59-61 %

 

grated cheese

chopped onions

garlic powder

oregano

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 20   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading          

Rounding

1st Fermentation:                    20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing

Rounding

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Moulding:                                 approx. 11 cm.

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes, just before baking cut the top of the roll with a razor blade, 

                                                add first onion and second grated cheese in to the rolls

Baking:                                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the rolls

·         there is no need for egg washing because the product will  get its colour through the baking process (steam)

 

4.3 Sweet buns

 

1. Raisin buns, round model                     AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        7 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

Milk powder                              2 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Raisins                                     50 %

Dough temperature:                24 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Raisins should be washed and soaked a day before, for 30 minutes in water around 40 degrees C.

 

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading:      

1st bulk Fermentation:             15 minutes

Mixing:                                      folding raisins into the dough

Rounding

2nd Fermentation:                   15 minutes

Dividing

Moulding (round)             

Egg washing:                           2 times             

Final proof:                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking

 

Remarks

·         a weak dough is required to mix the raisins into the dough

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat,  milk powder, raisins etc. can be used

·         instead of raisins, currents can be used or a mix of raisins and currents

 

2. Fruit buns, round model                      AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        7 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

milk powder                             2 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Raisins                                     50 %

custard 1/4 l + corn flour

fruits(tinned or fresh)

apricot/pine apple glaze

 

Dough temperature:                24 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Raisins should be washed and soaked a day before, for 30 minutes in water around 40 degrees C.

 

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

1st bulk Fermentation             15 minutes

Mixing                                      folding raisins into the dough

Rounding

2nd Fermentation                    15 minutes

Dividing

Moulding(round)

Shaping                                   make a well in the buns              

Egg washing                            2 times, not in the well

Addition filling                          pipe little custard into the well of the buns 

Final proof                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking

Cooling

Decoration                               add a piece of fruit on top and glaze the buns

 

Remarks

·         a weak dough is required to mix the raisins into the dough

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder, raisins etc. can be used

·         instead of raisins currents can be used or a mixer of raisins and currents

 

3. Apple/ raisin buns, long model               AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        7 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

milk powder                             2 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Raisins                                     50 %

 

Apple mixture:

·         tinned apple

·         cake crumbs

·         flavouring: lemon or cinnamon

 

Dough temperature:                24 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Raisins should be washed and soaked a day before, for 30 minutes in water around 40 degrees C.

 

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

1st bulk Fermentation             15 minutes

Mixing                                      folding raisins into the dough

Rounding

2nd Fermentation                    15 minutes

Dividing

Moulding(round)        

Shaping                                   flatten the dough pieces, diameter 9 cm,

                                                add the apple mixture in the middle,

                                                fold in the apple mixture, shape the buns  in the a long model

Egg washing                           2 times             

Final proof                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking

 

Remarks

·         a weak dough is required to mix the raisins into the dough

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat,  milk powder, raisins etc. can be used

·         instead of raisins, currents can be used or a mix of raisins and currents

 

4. Raisin buns, with custard                    AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        7 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

milk powder                             2 % 

water                                        58-60 %

 

Raisins                                     50 %

custard 3/4 l

icing sugar

 

Dough temperature:                24 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Raisins should be washed and soaked a day before, for 30 minutes in water around 40 degrees C.

 

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

1st bulk Fermentation:            15 minutes

Mixing                                      folding raisins into the dough

Rounding

2nd Fermentation                    15 minutes

Dividing

Moulding(round)      

Shaping                                   flatten the dough pieces, diameter 10 cm, place them on top of round pie

cups which is placed up side down

Egg washing                           2 times

Final proof                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking

Cooling

Decoration                               turn the buns so they look like a shell, pipe a rosette custard inside,

                                                dust the edges with little icing sugar

Remarks

·         a weak dough is required to mix the raisins into the dough

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat,  milk powder, raisins etc. can be used

·         instead of raisins currents can be used or a mixer of  raisins and currents

 

5. Custard buns                              AMOUNTS: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              375 gram 

yeast                                        6 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          6 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

cooking oil

melted butter or margarine

custard 3/4 l

icing sugar

 

Dough temperature:                23 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

1st bulk Fermentation              15 minutes

Dividing

Rounding

2nd Fermentation                   10 minutes

Shaping                                   roll the dough piece 9 by 12 cm, at the edges thicker lips,  

                                                before folding grease the edges with  little oil 

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking                                     after baking grease the products directly with melted butter

Cooling

Decorating           :                   pipe the custard with a star nozzle, dust with little icing sugar 

 

Remarks

·         a stiff dough is required to give enough body to the buns

·         no egg washing should be applied, because after baking the buns will be greased in the melted butter or margarine

·         it is very important that the buns are baked shortly

 

 

6. Chelsea buns, long model                     AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              375 gram 

yeast                                         5 %

salt                                            2 %

sugar                                        5 %

fat(bundo x)                              4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)     2 %

milk powder                              2 %

egg                                           8 %

water                                        45-48 %

 

custard 1/8 l + corn flour

raisins/currents                        50%

apricot/pine apple glaze  

 

Dough temperature:                23 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8  minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Moulding(point)

1st bulk Fermentation              5 minutes

Moulding                                  fold ends inside          

2nd Fermentation                    10 minutes

Pinning out                              roll the dough piece to a rectangle 30 by 50 cm

Addition filling                          add on 2/3 of the dough piece custard and fruits

Folding                                    fold in the dough properly make the dough piece 60 by 10 cm

Cutting                                     after 5 minutes rest cut pieces of 4 cm

Shaping                                   different models can be made 

Egg washing                            2 times

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking                 

Cooling

Decorating                               glaze the buns with apricot glaze, after glazing buns can be glazed with

water icing

 

Remarks

·         a stiff dough is required to give enough body to the buns

·         it is very important that the buns are baked shortly

 

7.  Chelsea buns, round model                    AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              375 gram 

yeast                                        5 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       5 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          8 %

water                                        45-48 %

 

custard 1/8 l + corn flour

raisins/currents                        50%

apricot/pine apple glaze

 

Dough temperature:                23 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Moulding(point)

1st bulk Fermentation              5 minutes

Moulding                                  fold ends inside          

2nd Fermentation                   10 minutes

Pinning out                              roll the dough piece to a rectangle 40 by 35 cm

Addition filling                          add on the dough piece (except 1 cm) custard and fruits

Moulding                                  fold in the dough properly, make the dough piece 38 cm long

Cutting                                     after 5 minutes rest cut pieces of 2,5 cm

Shaping                                   put the ends under the buns on the tray

Egg washing                            2 times

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking                 

Cooling

Decorating           :                   glaze the buns with apricot glaze, after  glazing the buns can be glazed

with water icing

 

Remarks

·         a stiff dough is required to give enough body to the buns

·         it is very important that the buns are baked shortly

 

 

8. Chelsea Flower                               AMOUNT: 3

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              375 gram 

yeast                                        5 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       5 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          8 %

water                                        45-48 %

 

raisins/currents                        50%

custard 1/8 l + corn flour

apricot/pine apple glaze 

 

Dough temperature:                23 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Moulding (point)

1st bulk Fermentation              5 minutes

Moulding                                  fold ends inside          

2nd Fermentation                    10 minutes

Pinning out                              roll the dough piece to a rectangle 35 by 40 cm

Addition filling                          add on the dough piece (except 1 cm) custard and fruits

Moulding                                  fold in the dough properly, make the dough piece 45 cm long

Cutting                                     after 5 minutes rest cut pieces of 2, 5 cm

Shaping                                   put the ends under the buns and place them   in an aluminium pie plate,

one in the centre and 5 around the centre, each  flower needs

6 dough pieces

Egg washing                            2 times

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking                  

Cooling

Decorating                               glaze the buns with apricot glaze, after glazing the buns can be glazed with water icing

 

Remarks

·         a stiff dough is required to give enough body to the buns

·         it is very important that the buns are baked shortly

·         for decorating glace cherries and nuts, crumbs can also be used

 

9. Chelsea Garland                               AMOUNT: 2

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              375 gram 

yeast                                        5 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       5 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          8 %

water                                       45-48 %

 

raisins/currents                     50%

custard 1/8 l + corn flour

apricot/pine apple glaze 

 

Dough temperature:                23 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Raisins should be washed and soaked a day before, for 30 minutes in water around 40 degrees C.

 

 

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Moulding(point)

1st bulk Fermentation              5 minutes

Moulding                                  fold ends inside          

2nd Fermentation                    10 minutes

Pinning out                               roll the dough piece to a rectangle 30 by 50 cm

Addition filling                          add on the dough piece custard and fruits

Moulding                                  fold in the dough properly make the dough piece 60 cm long

Cutting                                     after 5 minutes rest cut two pieces of 30 cm

Shaping                                   place the pieces in a circle like a garland, close the ends proper cut

with a pair of scissors every 2 cm, place the leaves evenly inside and

outside the garland 

Egg washing                            2 times

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking                 

Cooling

Decorating                               glaze the buns with apricot glaze, after glazing the buns can be

glazed with water icing

 

Remarks

·         a stiff dough is required to give enough body to the flower

·         it is very important that the flower are baked shortly

·         for decorating glace cherries and nutss can also be used

 

10. Hot Cross Buns                               AMOUNT: 15

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        5 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(bundo x)                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

milk powder                             2 %

water                                        58-60 %

Hot cross buns spices

 

raisins                                      10 %

 

cross batter:

·         flour  50 g

·         oil    15 g

·         water  65 g  

 

Dough temperature:                24 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 8-10 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Raisins should be washed and soaked a day before, for 30 minutes in water around 40 degrees C.

 

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

1st bulk Fermentation             15 minutes

Mixing                                      folding raisins into the dough

Rounding

2nd Fermentation                    15 minutes

Dividing

Moulding(round)             

Final proof                               45 - 60 minutes, after 20 minutes the cross batter should be piped

on top of the buns

Baking

 

Remarks

·         Hot cross buns is a traditional products to be eaten during Easter

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat,  milk powder, raisins etc. can be used

·         instead of raisins, currents can be used or a mix of  raisins and currents

 

 

11. Doughnuts                                    AMOUNT: 20

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              500 gram 

yeast                                        6 %

salt                                           1 %

sugar                                        6 %

Margarine                                 6 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)     2 %

milk powder                              4 %

egg                                          10 %

water                                        50 %

Dough temperature:                24 degrees C

Deep-frying temperature:        260 degrees C

Frying time:                              approx. 8 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

Handling up

1st bulk Fermentation              15 minutes

Knocking back

Divided

Handling up

2nd Fermentation                    10 minutes

Pinning out                              roll the dough piece to a circle diameter 8 cm, cut a hole in the middle,

or mould long models of 12 cm, put them on a greased baking tray

Final proof                               30 minutes

Deep-frying                              after frying put them in cinnamon sugar 

Decoration                               after cooling the dough nuts can be filled with jam, custard, fresh cream etc.

 

Remarks

·         if the dough nut is over proofed it will absorb a lot of oil

·         if the oil is too hot the colour will be too dark but in   the inside it will not be baked yet.

·         if the oil is too cold the dough nut takes too long to fry  and will absorb too much oil.

 

4.4   Danish Pastry

 

1.  Danish pastry                   

RECIPE:  

flour                                        100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

·         paafex                   75 %(30)

·         margarine              25 %(10)

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE.

Scaling ingredients

Make the pastry fat pliable and mould it into a square shape (12X12 cm)

 

Dough kneading                      shortly, without the pastry margarine    

Moulding (round)

Resting                                    10 minutes

Folding in fat                            cut a cross on top, pin the dough 16/16 cm, fold in the fat      

Rolling                                     roll the dough piece to a rectangle 60 by 20 cm,

                                                give the dough sufficient turns with three folds, give sufficient rest

periods in between

Resting                                    keep the dough cool and give it a rest of 10 minutes

Pining out                                pin out the dough and mould the required varieties

Filling                                       apply the filling

Egg washing

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking                                     with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

Cooling

Decorating           :                   some products need to be finished after baking with fondant or glaze         

 

Remarks

·         there is an almost endless variety of recipes, fillings and finishes.

·         Recipes: the main differences can be found in the amount of fat, sugar and milk powder added.

·         Fillings: custard combined with fruit is often used. Other fillings are: nuts, margarine, sugar, almond paste, peanut paste, etc. usually called spreads

·         Shapes; a number off different products can be made like combs, windmills, turn-overs, crisps etc.

·         during the processing the dough should not ferment and should be kept in the refrigerator to recover from the previous turns

·         cover the dough to prevent it from skinning

·         if the fat is running out during baking more turns have to be given

·         if no laminated structure appears after baking less turns have  to be given

·         to get a crispy product steam has to be added before the products are put into the oven

·         the baking time is 20 - 30 minutes at about 220 to 230 degrees Centigrade

 

2. SCHEME FOR DANISCH PASTRY

 

Products

Total of ½ turns

Rest 10 minutes after the …. turn

sweet

Not sweet

Croissants          

2

first

 

x

Knots               

3

second

 

x

Soup sticks          

3

second

 

x

Mince meat rolls    

2

first

 

x

Ham/cheese rolls    

2

first

 

x

Cheese Crisps       

2

first

 

x

Combs               

3

second

x

 

Turnovers           

3

second

x

 

Windmills           

3

second

x

 

Danish pretzels

3

second

x

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Croissants                                    AMOUNT: 16   

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                        100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                       4 %

salt                                          2 %

sugar                                      3 %

fat(masterfat)                          3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp) 2 %

milk powder                            2 %

egg                                         5 %

water                                       48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

paafex       75 %

margarine    25 %

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:               230 degrees C

Baking time:                            approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry :          the dough needs two half turns

Pinning out           :                  pin out the dough at 63 X 36 cm

Cutting               :                    cut the croissants with a base of 14 cm and a height of 18 cm

Shaping               :                  wet the dough pieces and roll them into the croissant shape, half moon,

                       start with the long base when you start  rolling, the end of the dough piece

                       should be placed on the baking tray

Egg washing           :               1 time

Final proof           :                  30 - 40 minutes

Baking                :                    with steam

                                               remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

 

 

4. Chocolate Pretzels                            AMOUNT: 16   

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                        100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                       4 %

salt                                          2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)   2 %

milk powder                              2 %

egg                                           5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                     40 %

·         paafex       75 %(30)

·         margarine    25 %(10)

 

chocolate custard 1/2 l + corn flour

melted butter or margarine

cinnamon sugar

 

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:               230 degrees C

Baking time:                            approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry            the dough needs three half turns

Pinning out                              pin out the dough at 20 X 25 cm

Cutting                                    cut strands of 1,25 cm

Shaping                                  spiralize the strands and shape the pretzels

Egg washing                            1 time

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes, at the end of the final proof pipe little chocolate

custard in the holes

Baking                                     with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

Cooling

Decorating                               grease the pretzel with little melted butter, not the custard, and press

them in cinnamon sugar

 

 

5. Danish Pretzels                               AMOUNT: 16   

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crips)   2 %

milk powder                              2 %

egg                                           5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

·         paafex       75 %(30)

·         margarine    25 %(10)

 

custard 1/2 l + corn flour

fruits (tinned or fresh)

apricot or pine apple glaze

 

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25  minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry :          the dough needs three half turns

Pinning out           :                  pin out the dough at 20 X 25 cm

Cutting               :                     cut strands of 1,25 cm

Shaping               :                   spiralize the strands and shape the pretzels

Egg washing           :                1 time

Final proof           :                   30 - 40 minutes, at the end of the final proof pipe little custard in

                                                the holes

Baking                :                    with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening  the damper

Cooling

Decorating            :                  put three pieces of fruit on top of the custard and glaze the fruits with

apricot glaze

 

 

6. Cheese Crisps                                  AMOUNT: 15   

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)   2 %

milk powder                              2 %

egg                                           5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

·         paafex                   75 %(30)

·         margarine             25 %(10)

 

Cheese cream

·         margarine   80 gram

·         cheese       180

·         egg              20

·         flour             25

·         peper

·         garlic powder 

                   

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25  minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry :          the dough needs three half turns

Pinning out:                             pin out the dough at 37 X 33 cm

Addition filling:                         add the cheese cream in the middle of the dough piece, leave out

two rows of 4,5 cm at the base and top of the dough piece

Moulding:                                 fold in the dough properly make the dough piece 38 cm long

Cooling:                                   to cut smooth pieces it is necessary to cool the dough

Cutting:                                    cut pieces of 2,5 cm, with a wet carving knife

Egg washing:                           1 time

Final proof:                              30 - 40 minutes

Baking:                                    with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

 

 

7. Sausage Rolls                                AMOUNT: 15    

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

·         paafex       75 %(30)

·         margarine    25 %(20)

 

sausage mixture: 500 gram

·         sausage meat

·         old bread

·         spices.

·         sesame seeds

·          

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry:          the dough needs three half turns

Pinning out:                             pin out the dough at 61 X 37 cm

Cutting:                                   cut 5 rows of 12 cm

Addition filling:                         Pipe the sausage mixture in the middle of the rows

Moulding:                                 wet one side of the rows  fold in the dough properly

Cutting:                                    cut the rolls 12 cm, place the rolls close together on a tray  

Egg washing:                           1 time, sprinkle some sesame seeds on top   

Final proof:                              30 - 40 minutes

Baking:                                    with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

 

8. Knots                                          AMOUNT: 16   

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %      400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

·         paafex                   75 %(30)

·         margarine             25 %(20)

·          

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry           the dough needs three half turns

Pinning out                              pin out the dough at 24 X 25 cm

Cutting                                     cut strands of 1, 5 cm

Shaping                                   shape the strands into a knot

Egg washing                            1 time

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking                                     with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

 

 

9. Fruit baskets                                  AMOUNT: 16   

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                   40 %

·         paafex                  75 %(30)

·         margarine            25 %(10)

 

Custard 1/2 l + corn flour

Fruit: tinned or fresh

Apricot or pineapple jam

 

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry            the dough needs two half turns

Pinning out                              pin out the dough at 40 X 40 cm

Cutting                                     cut 16 square pieces of 10 x 10 cm cut each square as follows

Shaping                                   cross two edges over each other to get a basket shape

Egg washing                            1 time

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Addition custard                       pipe custard in the basket before baking

Baking                                     with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

Decorating                               cover the custard with fruits

Glazing                                    glaze the fruits with apricot glaze

 

10. Savoury baskets                              AMOUNT: 16   

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

·         paafex                   75 %(30)                                                                                                         

·         margarine             25 %(20)

 

Mince meat mixture       

·         Mince meat           300 g

·         egg                        25 g

·         salt                         4 g

·         spices                    3 g

·         bread crumbs        150 g 

·         milk                        100 g

·         onions

·         pepers

·         mushrooms

·         grated cheese

 

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry:          the dough needs two half turns

Pinning out:                             pin out the dough at 40 X 50 cm

Cutting:                                    cut 20 square pieces of 10 x 10 cm, cut each square used like fruit baskets

Shaping:                                  cross two edges over each other to get a  basket shape

Egg washing:                          1 time

Final proof:                              30 - 40 minutes

Addition mince meat:               pipe mince meat mixture the basket before baking put some cut

vegetables and cheese on top

Baking:                                    with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

                             

 

 

11. Soup sticks                                 AMOUNT: 32

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          5 %

water                                        48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                     40 %

·         paafex                   75 %(30)

·         margarine              25 %(10)

 

100 g poppy seeds, sesame seeds or grated cheese

 

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry           the dough needs three half turns

Pinning out                              pin out the dough at 15 X 40 cm

Addition of seeds                    wet the dough piece with little water, add seeds or cheese on top

Cutting                                     cut 32 soup sticks x 1,25 cm 

Shaping                                   spiralize the sticks and put them on a tray

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking:                                    with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

 

 

12. Windmills                                    AMOUNT: 16   

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          5 %

water                                       48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

·         paafex                   75 %(30)

·         margarine             25 %(10)

 

Custard 1/2 l + corn flour

 

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry           the dough needs two half turns

Pinning out                              pin out the dough at 36 X 45 cm

Cutting                                     cut 20 square pieces of 9 x 9 cm, make diagonal cuts from each

corner half way  to the centre

Shaping                                   cross edges to the centre giving a star or windmill shape and put them

on a tray

Addition of filling                      press the centre and fill them with custard

Egg washing                           1 time

Final proof                               30 - 40 minutes

Baking                                     with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

 

13. Pineapple crisps                            AMOUNT: 16

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              400 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       3 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

milk powder                             2 %

egg                                          5 %

water                                       48-52 %

 

pastry margarine                    40 %

·         paafex                   75 %(30)

·         margarine             25 %(10)

 

custard 1/2 l + corn flour

Pineapple chunks (tinned or fresh)

apricot or pine apple glaze

 

Dough temperature:                20 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Prepare Danish Pastry:          the dough needs three half turns

Pinning out                              pin out the dough at 20 X 25 cm

Cutting                                     cut strands of 1,25 cm

Shaping                                   spiralize the strands and shape them into oval rings

Egg washing                           1 time

Final proof:                              30 - 40 minutes, at the end of the final proof pipe little custard in

                                                the centre

Baking                                     with steam

                                                remove steam after 10 minutes by opening the damper

Cooling

Decorating:                              put three pieces of pineapple on top of the custard

Glazing:                                   glaze the pineapple chunks with apricot glaze

 

4.5   White/ Brown loaves of bread

 

1. Ordinary white tin bread                    AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              1800 gram 

yeast                                        2 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(masterfat)                           1 %

bread improver(dobrim)           0.1 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                26 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 30   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Using the straight dough method.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading

Dividing                                    740 gram              

Handling up

1st Fermentation                     30 minutes

Knocking back

Handling up

2nd Fermentation                    30 minutes

Final moulding

Final proof                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking                 

Depanning                               directly

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the loaves

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         directly after baking the top of the loaves can be washed  with hot water to give a nice bloom

 

2. Ordinary light brown tin bread               AMOUNT: 4

RECIPE:  

flour                                         40 %}               1800 gram

whole meal flour                       60 %}

yeast                                        2 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(masterfat)                           1 %

bread improver(dobrim)           0.1 %

water                                        60 - 62 %

 

Dough temperature:                26 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 35   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Using the straight dough method.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading

Dividing                                    750 gram              

Handling up

1st Fermentation                     20 minutes

Knocking back

Handling up

2nd Fermentation                    20 minutes

Final moulding

Final proof                               45 - 55 minutes

Baking                 

Depanning                               directly

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the loaves

·         if the diastatic activity is not enough for the whole meal flour fino amylase can be added

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         directly after baking the top of the loaves can be washed with hot water to give a nice bloom

·         you can vary in heavy or light brown bread, the more whole meal flour you use the heavier the loaf

 

3. Whole wheat tin bread                         AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

whole meal flour                   100 %      1800

yeast                                      2 %     

salt                                         2 %

sugar                                      1 %

fat(masterfat)                         1 %

bread improver(dobrim)         0.1 %

water                                      62 - 64 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 35   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

 

Using the straight dough method.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading

Dividing                                    750 gram              

Handling up

1st Fermentation                     20 minutes

Knocking back

Handling up

2nd Fermentation                    20 minutes

Final moulding

Final proof                               45 - 55 minutes

Baking                 

Depanning                               directly

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the loaves

·         if the diastatic activity is not enough for the whole meal flour fino amylase can be added

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         directly after baking the top of the loaves can be washed  with hot water to give a nice bloom

 

 

4. Enriched white tin bread                     AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              1800 gram 

yeast                                        2 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(masterfat)                           3 %

milk powder                             2 %

bread improver(dobrim)          0.1 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                26 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 30   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Using the straight dough method.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading

Dividing                                    740 gram              

Handling up

1st Fermentation                     30 minutes

Knocking back

Handling up

2nd Fermentation                    30 minutes

Final moulding

Final proof                               45 - 60 minutes

Baking                 

Depanning                               directly

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the loaves

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         directly after baking the top of the loaves can be washed  with hot water to give a nice bloom

 

5. Milk white tin bread                         AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              1800 gram 

yeast                                        2 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(masterfat)                           2 %

milkpowder                               6 %

bread improver(dobrim)           0.1 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                26 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 35   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Using the straight dough method.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading

Dividing:                                   740 gram              

Handling up

1st Fermentation:                    30 minutes

Knocking back

Handling up

2nd Fermentation:                   30  minutes

Final moulding

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes

Baking                 

Depanning:                              directly

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the loaves

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         directly after baking the top of the loaves can be washed with hot water to give a nice bloom

 

6 Oven bottom white bread                       AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %                          1800 gram 

yeast                                        2 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(masterfat)                           2 %

bread improver(dobrim)           0.1 %

water                                        56-58 %

Dough temperature:                26 degrees C

Baking temperature:                260 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 30   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Using the straight dough method.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading

Dividing:                                   740 gram              

Handling up

1st Fermentation:                    30 minutes

Knocking back

Handling up

2nd Fermentation:                   30 minutes

Final moulding:                        place the dough pieces on a baking tray (perforated)

Final proof:                              45 - 55 minutes, before baking different decorations can be made by cutting

                         T                     he dough with a razor blade

Baking:                                    with steam  

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the loaves

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat,  milk powder etc. can be used

·         dough which is not baked in tins requires a higher  stability body to prevent the dough piece from flowing (stiffer dough)

 

7. Oven bottom brown bread                        AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         40 %}                           1800 gram

whole meal flour                      60 %}

yeast                                        2 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(masterfat)                           1 %

bread improver(dobrim)           0.1 %

water                                        59 - 61 %

 

Dough temperature:                26 degrees C

Baking temperature:                240 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 35   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Using the straight dough method.

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading

Dividing              :                     750 gram              

Handling up

1st Fermentation      :              20 minutes

Knocking back

Handling up

2nd Fermentation      :             20 minutes

Final moulding        :                place the dough pieces on a baking tray (perforated)

Final proof           :                   45 - 55 minutes, before baking different decorating can be made by cutting

                                                the dough with a razor blade

Baking                :                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the loaves

·         if the diastatic activity is not enough for the whole meal  flour fino amylase can be added

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat,  milk powder etc. can be used

·         dough which is not baked in tins requires a higher  stability body to prevent the dough piece from flowing(stiffer dough)

 

4.6   Crispy loaves of bread

 

1. Crispy white bread                            AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %      900 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

water                                       58-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 30   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading          

1st Bulk Fermentation:            20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing:                                   370 gram

Handling up

2nd Fermentation:                   20 minutes

Final moulding:                        point shape, 22 cm

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes, just before baking cut  the top of the roll with a razor blade

Baking:                                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the bread

·         there is no need for egg washing because the product will get its colour through the baking process (steam)

 

2. Crispy brown bread                            AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         60 %}      900 gram 

whole meal flour                      40 %}

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

water                                        59-61 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 30   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading          

1st Bulk Fermentation:            20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing:                                   370 gram

Handling up

2nd Fermentation:                   20 minutes

Final moulding:                        point shape, 22 cm

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes, just before baking cut the top of the roll with a razor blade

Baking:                                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the bread

·         there is no need for egg washing because the product will get its colour through the baking process (steam)

 

3. French Baguettes                              AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              900 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 30   minutes 

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading          

1st Bulk Fermentation:            20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing:                                   370 gram

Handling up:                            point shape

2nd Fermentation:                   20 minutes

Final moulding:                        long shape, 50 cm

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes, just before baking make 6 cuts on top of the baguettes with a                                                    razor blade

Baking:                                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the bread

·         there is no need for egg washing because the product will  get its colour through the baking process (steam)

 

4. Savoury Baguettes                             AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              450 gram 

yeast                                        4 %

salt                                           2 %

bread improver(lecitex crisp)  2 %

water                                       58-60 %

 

onion slides

paprika

mushrooms slides

grated cheese

pepper

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                230 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 30   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading          

1st Bulk Fermentation:             20 minutes

Knocking back

Dividing:                                  370 gram

Handling up:                            point shape

2nd Fermentation:                   20 minutes

Final moulding:                        long shape, 25 cm

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes, just before baking make cut on top of the baguettes with a

                                                razor blade, add first onion, paprika,  and mushrooms and at last the grated   

                                                cheese

Baking:                                    with steam

 

Remarks

·         a well developed dough is required to give enough body to the bread

·         there is no need for egg washing because the product will get its colour through the baking process (steam)

·         more variety is possible, just vary in the filling 

 

4.7   Fancy loaves of bread

 

1. Plaited white bread                           AMOUNT: 4

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              900  gram 

yeast                                        2 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(master fat)                          4 %

bread improver(dobrim)          0.1 %

water                                        56-58 %

 

Dough temperature:                25 degrees C

Baking temperature:                250 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 20-25 minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading

1st Bulk fermentation:              30 minutes     

Dividing:                                   required strands total weight 375 gram      

Moulding(round)

2nd Fermentation:                   10 minutes

Making strands:                       20 - 25 cm

Plaiting 

Egg washing             

Final proof:                              45 - 60 minutes

Baking

 

Remarks

·         for plaiting a stiffer dough is required

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat, milk powder etc. can be used

·         make sure that no skinning takes place

·         roll the strands in stages until the final length is  reached

·         do not plait too tightly, allow room for fermentation and  give a long final proof

to prevent cracks

 

2. PRODUCT: Raisin bread                                 AMOUNT: 6

 

RECIPE:  

flour                                         100 %              1800 gram 

yeast                                        6 %

salt                                           2 %

sugar                                       1 %

fat(bundo x)                             2 %

milk powder                             4 %

bread improver(lecitex soft)    2 %

water                                        58-60 %

 

raisins                                      50-70 %

 

Dough temperature:                24 degrees C

Baking temperature:                210 degrees C

Baking time:                             approx. 40   minutes  

 

WORKING SEQUENCE

Raisins should be washed and soaked a day before, for 30 minutes in water around 40 degrees C.

 

Scaling ingredients

Dough kneading              

1st bulk Fermentation:               15 minutes

Mixing:                                         folding raisins into the dough

Dividing:                                      500 gram

2nd Fermentation:                      15 minutes

Final moulding

Egg washing:                              1 time             

Final proof:                                  45 - 60 minutes

Baking

 

Remarks

·         a weak dough is required to mix the raisins into the dough

·         different amounts of other ingredients like sugar, fat,  milk powder, raisins etc. can be used

·         instead of raisins, currents can be used or a mix of raisins and currents